Argthtjtr

The code creates a very simple/easy RPG game, with 2 classes Jedi and Orc. The data is visualized using turtle. Each class has a method of attack (lightsaber_attack for Jedi), which has an argument that must be either a Jedi or Orc instance. The .health attribute of the attacked one will be reduced by .power of the attacker. If .health is not positive, then the image of the character will disappear. By design, each character can attack itself.

Simulation

luke.lightsaber_attack( orc_1 )

luke.lightsaber_attack( orc_2 )

orc_1.attack( luke )

orc_2.attack( orc_2 )

Questions

• How can I make the code to be easily understood by teenagers? (in a tutorial)


• How can I make it more compact?


• Are there any missing important features of Python's OOP that are important to be explained to students? (other than super and inheritance)

Image Links

• jedi.gif


• orc.gif


• darkorc.gif


• 
  damaged.gif

Full code

import turtle

import time



jedi_gif = "jedi.gif" #this was previously "/home/asus/Arief_tempo/images/random/jedi.gif", which is a mistake.. reminded by @Reinderien  

orc_gif = "orc.gif"

darkorc_gif = "darkorc.gif"

damaged_gif = "damaged.gif" 



turtle.register_shape( jedi_gif )

turtle.register_shape( orc_gif )

turtle.register_shape( darkorc_gif )

turtle.register_shape( damaged_gif )



class JediLuke:

    def __init__(self):

        self.power = 300

        self.health = 300



        self.img = turtle.Turtle( shape = jedi_gif )

        self.damaged_img = turtle.Turtle( shape = damaged_gif, visible = False )



        self.img.penup()

        self.damaged_img.penup()



    def lightsaber_attack(self, enemy):

        self.img.setpos(enemy.img.pos()[0], enemy.img.pos()[1])

        enemy.damaged_img.showturtle()

        enemy.health += - self.power

        time.sleep(1)



        enemy.damaged_img.hideturtle()

        if enemy.health < 0:

            enemy.img.hideturtle()



        self.img.setpos(200, 0)



    def change_pos(self, pos):

        self.img.setpos(pos[0], pos[1])

        self.damaged_img.setpos(pos[0], pos[1] + 150)





class Orc:

    def __init__(self, health, gif_image):

        self.power = 100

        self.health = health



        self.img = turtle.Turtle( shape = gif_image )

        self.damaged_img = turtle.Turtle( shape = damaged_gif, visible = False )



        self.img.penup()

        self.damaged_img.penup()



    def attack(self, enemy):

        current_pos = self.img.pos()

        self.img.setpos(enemy.img.pos()[0], enemy.img.pos()[1])

        enemy.damaged_img.showturtle()

        enemy.health += - self.power



        time.sleep(1)



        enemy.damaged_img.hideturtle()

        if enemy.health < 0:

            enemy.img.hideturtle()



        self.img.setpos(current_pos[0], current_pos[1])



    def change_pos(self, pos):

        self.img.setpos(pos[0], pos[1])

        self.damaged_img.setpos(pos[0], pos[1] + 150)





luke = JediLuke()

luke.change_pos( [200, 0] )



orc_1 = Orc( health = 400 , gif_image = orc_gif)

orc_1.change_pos( [-200, 100] )



orc_2 = Orc( health = 200, gif_image = darkorc_gif )

orc_2.change_pos( [-200, -100] )

jedi_gif = "/home/asus/Arief_tempo/images/random/jedi.gif"

It's unclear why this image has an absolute path but no others do. They should probably all be relative, as the other three are.

Especially if this is for a tutorial, you need to add docstrings to all of your functions.

This:

self.img.setpos(enemy.img.pos()[0], enemy.img.pos()[1])

can use argument expansion, i.e.:

self.img.setpos(*enemy.img.pos())

That pattern can be used elsewhere you're indexing into the position.

This:

enemy.health += - self.power

should be

enemy.health -= self.power

Just a note of something that was particularly jarring when viewing your code; for stylistic reasons, you shouldn't have spaces on either side of the arguments:

turtle.register_shape( jedi_gif )

Instead you want:

turtle.register_shape(jedi_gif)

This is covered in PEP 8 in the section Whitespace in Expressions and Statements. It's good to follow PEP 8 because it makes it easier for others (and in the long run, yourself) to read your code:

One guiding principle in programming is to write DRY code, Don't Repeat Yourself. Your JediLuke class and your Orc class are almost the same. Since you are already teaching about classes, you should also teach about inheritance (maybe later, but eventually).

import turtle

import time



class Entity:

    def __init__(self, power, health, img, damaged_img):

        self.power = power

        self.health = health

        self.img = turtle.Turtle(shape=img)

        self.damaged_img = turtle.Turtle(shape=damaged_img, visible=False)



        self.img.penup()

        self.damaged_img.penup()



    def attack(self, enemy):

        """Attack an enemy"""

        current_pos = self.img.pos()

        self.img.setpos(*enemy.img.pos())

        enemy.damaged(self.power)

        self.img.setpos(*current_pos)



    def damaged(self, power):

        """Take damage from `power`"""

        self.damaged_img.showturtle()

        self.health -= power

        time.sleep(1)

        self.damaged_img.hideturtle()

        if self.health <= 0:

            self.img.hideturtle()



    def set_position(self, pos):

        self.img.setpos(*pos)

        self.damaged_img.setpos(pos[0], pos[1] + 150)





class Jedi(Entity):

    def __init__(self, *position):

        super().__init__(300, 300, jedi_gif, damaged_gif)

        self.set_position(*position)



    def lightsaber_attack(self, enemy):

        super().attack(enemy)



    attack = None  # to ensure it cannot be called...





class Orc(Entity):

    def __init__(self, health, img, *position):

        super().__init__(100, health, img, damaged_gif)

        self.set_position(*position)





if __name__ == "__main__":



    jedi_gif = "jedi.gif"

    orc_gif = "orc.gif"

    darkorc_gif = "darkorc.gif"

    damaged_gif = "damaged.gif" 



    turtle.register_shape(jedi_gif)

    turtle.register_shape(orc_gif)

    turtle.register_shape(darkorc_gif)

    turtle.register_shape(damaged_gif)



    luke = Jedi(200, 0)

    orc_1 = Orc(400, orc_gif, -200, 100)       

    orc_2 = Orc(200, darkorc_gif, -200, -100)

This also has the calling code under an if __name__ == "__main__" guard to allow importing from this script and the whitespace fixed according to PEP8.