Is it correct to use “their” when referring to a single person when the gender is known? [duplicate]












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This question already has an answer here:




  • Is there a correct gender-neutral singular pronoun (“his” vs. “her” vs. “their”)?

    22 answers




I have come accross this sentence:




There is a 2.5% probability that whenever we measure a woman, their height will be less than 142 centimeters.




Is the use of their correct here? Shouldn't it be rather her?










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marked as duplicate by TrevorD, Jason Bassford, JJJ, tchrist Mar 24 at 16:04


This question has been asked before and already has an answer. If those answers do not fully address your question, please ask a new question.



















  • Related: english.stackexchange.com/questions/48/…

    – Michael W.
    Mar 21 at 23:59











  • Yes, it's correct to use it. It is also correct not to use it.

    – Nigel J
    Mar 23 at 1:41











  • There is a way to avoid this problem altogether and, in my opinion, improve the sentence generally. Would you consider "When we measure a woman's height there is a 2.5% probability that it will be less than 142 centimetres." For me 'measure a woman' sounds a little odd.

    – BoldBen
    Mar 24 at 10:38
















4
















This question already has an answer here:




  • Is there a correct gender-neutral singular pronoun (“his” vs. “her” vs. “their”)?

    22 answers




I have come accross this sentence:




There is a 2.5% probability that whenever we measure a woman, their height will be less than 142 centimeters.




Is the use of their correct here? Shouldn't it be rather her?










share|improve this question













marked as duplicate by TrevorD, Jason Bassford, JJJ, tchrist Mar 24 at 16:04


This question has been asked before and already has an answer. If those answers do not fully address your question, please ask a new question.



















  • Related: english.stackexchange.com/questions/48/…

    – Michael W.
    Mar 21 at 23:59











  • Yes, it's correct to use it. It is also correct not to use it.

    – Nigel J
    Mar 23 at 1:41











  • There is a way to avoid this problem altogether and, in my opinion, improve the sentence generally. Would you consider "When we measure a woman's height there is a 2.5% probability that it will be less than 142 centimetres." For me 'measure a woman' sounds a little odd.

    – BoldBen
    Mar 24 at 10:38














4












4








4









This question already has an answer here:




  • Is there a correct gender-neutral singular pronoun (“his” vs. “her” vs. “their”)?

    22 answers




I have come accross this sentence:




There is a 2.5% probability that whenever we measure a woman, their height will be less than 142 centimeters.




Is the use of their correct here? Shouldn't it be rather her?










share|improve this question















This question already has an answer here:




  • Is there a correct gender-neutral singular pronoun (“his” vs. “her” vs. “their”)?

    22 answers




I have come accross this sentence:




There is a 2.5% probability that whenever we measure a woman, their height will be less than 142 centimeters.




Is the use of their correct here? Shouldn't it be rather her?





This question already has an answer here:




  • Is there a correct gender-neutral singular pronoun (“his” vs. “her” vs. “their”)?

    22 answers








pronouns personal-pronouns






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asked Mar 21 at 20:40









AemiliusAemilius

1283




1283




marked as duplicate by TrevorD, Jason Bassford, JJJ, tchrist Mar 24 at 16:04


This question has been asked before and already has an answer. If those answers do not fully address your question, please ask a new question.









marked as duplicate by TrevorD, Jason Bassford, JJJ, tchrist Mar 24 at 16:04


This question has been asked before and already has an answer. If those answers do not fully address your question, please ask a new question.















  • Related: english.stackexchange.com/questions/48/…

    – Michael W.
    Mar 21 at 23:59











  • Yes, it's correct to use it. It is also correct not to use it.

    – Nigel J
    Mar 23 at 1:41











  • There is a way to avoid this problem altogether and, in my opinion, improve the sentence generally. Would you consider "When we measure a woman's height there is a 2.5% probability that it will be less than 142 centimetres." For me 'measure a woman' sounds a little odd.

    – BoldBen
    Mar 24 at 10:38



















  • Related: english.stackexchange.com/questions/48/…

    – Michael W.
    Mar 21 at 23:59











  • Yes, it's correct to use it. It is also correct not to use it.

    – Nigel J
    Mar 23 at 1:41











  • There is a way to avoid this problem altogether and, in my opinion, improve the sentence generally. Would you consider "When we measure a woman's height there is a 2.5% probability that it will be less than 142 centimetres." For me 'measure a woman' sounds a little odd.

    – BoldBen
    Mar 24 at 10:38

















Related: english.stackexchange.com/questions/48/…

– Michael W.
Mar 21 at 23:59





Related: english.stackexchange.com/questions/48/…

– Michael W.
Mar 21 at 23:59













Yes, it's correct to use it. It is also correct not to use it.

– Nigel J
Mar 23 at 1:41





Yes, it's correct to use it. It is also correct not to use it.

– Nigel J
Mar 23 at 1:41













There is a way to avoid this problem altogether and, in my opinion, improve the sentence generally. Would you consider "When we measure a woman's height there is a 2.5% probability that it will be less than 142 centimetres." For me 'measure a woman' sounds a little odd.

– BoldBen
Mar 24 at 10:38





There is a way to avoid this problem altogether and, in my opinion, improve the sentence generally. Would you consider "When we measure a woman's height there is a 2.5% probability that it will be less than 142 centimetres." For me 'measure a woman' sounds a little odd.

– BoldBen
Mar 24 at 10:38










5 Answers
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active

oldest

votes


















5














"Correct" is opinion as English is a natural language, and is therefore off topic.



However, "usual" and "accepted" are measurable and therefore valid questions. My experience suggests that the use of the singular they is spreading at an accelerating rate down this list :




Gender unknown (the doctor I will see tomorrow)

Gender hidden (my partner if I choose to hide their gender)

Gender irrelevant (the doctor I saw yesterday)

Unspecified person of known gender (the woman in question)

Specified person of known gender (my girlfriend)




My experience is that as people are criticised more and more for politically incorrect use of he or she but almost never criticised for they except by pedants, people (especially children) are increasingly using they as it's easier than thinking which is correct.






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  • Yes, the use may be spreading, but not when the gender is specifically specified, as it were.

    – Lambie
    Mar 22 at 15:04






  • 1





    It's certainly not that common yet, @lambie, but it does sometimes occur as evidenced by the question. As it is rare it is difficult to get statistics but I suspect it is more common for the generic unspecified woman in a survey than it would be for my girlfriend Esmeralda.

    – David Robinson
    Mar 22 at 15:33











  • I like the precision of this answer. I would suggest changing "the woman" to "a woman," since that's the phrasing in the original question, and the difference, while small, is significant.

    – senderle
    Mar 22 at 17:25






  • 1





    @senderle I had tried to avoid the implication that her gender was unknown even if she was a woman. I hope I have made it clearer.

    – David Robinson
    Mar 22 at 17:46



















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"Correct" is a social judgment, not a linguistic one.



The OED has examples of singular their going back to 1382, but there are still people around who think there is something wrong with it.



If you care about being judged by people who think that, then don't use it. The rest of us will carry on using this useful English word with a long history.






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  • 3





    The question is about people with known gender. The OED is talking about usage "[i]n relation to a singular noun or pronoun of undetermined gender: his or her."

    – Laurel
    Mar 21 at 21:01











  • Even people who use singular they generally do not extend it to eclipse all singular pronouns like this. There was a recent question where someone mentioned their (!) eight-year-old daughter ‘correcting’ his use of she for an unspecified, but female, classmate, claiming it should be they; but that sort of usage remains a marginal exception.

    – Janus Bahs Jacquet
    Mar 21 at 23:04











  • @Laurel That's what the definition says, but see the translation here: "Each man hurried ... till they drew near..."

    – senderle
    Mar 21 at 23:06











  • Yes, examples like: Everyone uses their mobile phones when they shouldn't. But not when the usage is specifically about a man or woman. I disagree with their in this case.

    – Lambie
    Mar 22 at 15:03











  • @Laurel Gender isn't known. Presumably "woman" here means a female from birth. Otherwise I think 142 cm or ~4' 8" is quite a bit short of the mark.

    – R Mac
    Mar 23 at 1:18





















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To be short: it depends who you ask. The singular pronoun "them" has been in use since the 14th century, so it would be hard for someone to claim that there's no precedent for using it. Not only is there; it's actually rather popular.



But should you use it? That's where it depends who you ask. The Wikipedia article on the subject has an excellent, well-referenced section describing the advice of various style guides. Suffice to say they disagree.



https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singular_they



If the experts don't agree, who are we to answer your question? Certainly singular "they" appears in most any modern dictionary. But some style guides prohibit its use, while other style guides encourage it. As with all decisions to be predicated on opinion in writing, when deciding whether to use it, take the rules of the organization on whose behalf you are writing into account, and choose whichever option is most appropriate for your target audience.






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    0














    Insofar as anything is right or wrong in grammar, 'their' is wrong here, and 'her' is right. Imagine you were learning English as a foreign language; I'm sure you'd be told that (unless there is gender ambiguity) a female individual requires the possessive adjective "her".



    The only reason I can think of for using 'their' in a case like this would be to tease those who are annoyed by such solecisms.






    share|improve this answer


























    • There is no valid reason not to use her in this case. A woman, her. A man, him/his. There are cases, where the plural is fine: Everyone should bring their lunch with them. So, +1 here.

      – Lambie
      Mar 22 at 15:02






    • 3





      I don't know about this answer.. "Their" is gender neutral. It's always ok to use it when referring to anyone in the third person. It just isn't used like this very often. The example in the question certainly is not "wrong" in any way. Sometimes native speakers do use "their" even when "her" or "his" would also work, and it's not wrong. It's just a quirk of speech.

      – only_pro
      Mar 22 at 15:07








    • 1





      It seems to me that this is not an issue of grammar. There's a large body of evidence supporting the use of "they" as a singular, gender-neutral, personal pronoun. So what is the grammatical rule being broken here? Is it something like "you must use a gendered pronoun unless there is a valid reason not to," as @Lambie suggests? But in that case, what makes a reason "valid"? I think that's a loose stylistic guideline, not a grammatical rule.

      – senderle
      Mar 22 at 17:41






    • 1





      @Lambie I just don't see what that has to do with grammar.

      – senderle
      Mar 22 at 23:14






    • 1





      @Lambie There is no definitive gender here. There is, presumably, a definitive sex. Grammar doesn't give two flying fiddles whether a writer infers gender from sex and risks offense, but, as senderlie says, singular "they" is absolutely acceptable in some styles.

      – R Mac
      Mar 23 at 1:12



















    -1














    Perhaps we should start from a simple point, which is at the root of your question about the use of the plural pronoun to refer to a singular noun. It all comes down to gender. The writer has got into the habit of using the plural, genderless ‘their’ in preference to the singular gender feminine ‘her’. Why?



    The personal pronoun is a rare English word that inflects by gender. You could have an ethical/social argument about whether it would be proper to bring an end to this form of gender discrimination.



    There is even a linguistic case for suggesting this anomaly in our language would be better replaced. We don’t seem to need a gender in the plural Of course the only possible neutral pronoun is the neuter ‘it’. To start with, at least, it would be hard to swallow people being referred to as ‘it’, but we might get used to it eventually.



    However, it is not, as has been pointed out, for students of usage to legislate. The usage cited here of the (neutral) plural pronoun in relation to a singular feminine noun is, I think a symptom of transitional unease.



    It goes back to the usage, generally accepted well into the 1960s, that, given a singular noun which refers to a class including both female and male members, the masculine form should be used.



    This is not just a feature of English. It applies even more to romance and Teutonic languages, where the articles and adjectives all inflect in this way. Greek even retains a neuter form. In all of them the masculine will be used for adjectives agreeing with words like doctor and feminine for words like nurse for obvious (but now discredited) reasons that these avocations are historically associated with men and women, respectively. But it is harder to change in these languages, partly because the ‘gender’ inflexions are not solely indicators of sex. In French window as well as woman (une fenêtre, une femme) is feminine and monster (un monstre) as well as man (un homme) is masculine. In almost gender uninflected English nouns are grammatically genderless, with a few exceptions, such as the ship, as in ‘steady as she goes’.



    In all inflected languages I know, where masculine and feminine are conjointly qualified by the same adjective, the adjective must be in the masculine form (as in Handsel and Gretel are lost - Handsel et Gretel sont perdus - not perdues). Thus the precedence of the masculine over feminine is much harder to break in French than in English.



    But for English the problem arises with ‘singular plural’ adjectives like each, every, any, when qualifying a singular noun that refers to a plurality.




    Each to his own?



    Every student must study as hard as he can?



    Don’t tell anybody how he should behave?




    Thanks to the feminist movement a majority (I hope) of Brits, especially younger folk, have grown uncomfortable with this use of the masculine form of the personal pronoun. This is especially true when we speak of presigious occupations.




    Every doctor does the best he can for each of his patients no matter what his needs may be.




    We are on the horns of a dilemma: do we continue to ‘mis-assign’ gender (masculine for both) or person (plural for singular)?



    We can escape by having it both ways, by using a cumbersome disjunction of both genders




    Every doctor does the best he or she can for each of his or her patients no matter what his or her needs may be.




    Or we can duck the dilemma by using the neutral plural their.




    Every doctor does the best they can for each of their patients no matter what their needs may be.




    Over time this strategy has become common enough to displace the old rule of number consistency to a large extent



    There is another way off the two horns without ‘infringing’ the old number rules by avoiding the singular/plural collective adjectives altogether.




    All doctors do the best they can for all their patients no matter what their needs may be.




    But at times we really want ‘each’ and ‘every, because it makes the relationship personal rather than general. In that case there is no escape from the uncomfortable ‘he or she’ (I use ‘s/he’) without committing the discredited gender bias.



    Which brings me to your original question and my transitional stress. What I mean is that speakers and writers of English have become so accustomed to the shift of number, replacing he/him/his with they/them/their that some overshoot the reason for number shift and use it automatically in the absence of the original reason.



    The shift from her to (what I should in my distant youth have said was the incorrect) their in your quoted example is for that speaker/writer becoming a fixed speech habit. I have never seen it before, and I doubt whether it is common enough to be becoming standard usage - yet. But it might do so. At which point, if ever, a ‘neogrammatism’ becomes widely enough used to be accepted as a standard usage nobody can say. For the present I don’t recommend it.






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    • The narrative you offer here directly contradicts a mountain of historical evidence about past usage of "they," going back for centuries. Please read this to see what I mean.

      – senderle
      Mar 23 at 12:59











    • The Romance languages thing is completely irrelevant here.Shift in number is OK for "everyone" and "their", but not for "a woman" and "their" in a serious text. No editor would accept: "A woman's lifespan is influenced by their" [etc] because just imagine the confusion: "by their family's income" versus "by her income"....2 completely different meanings.

      – Lambie
      Mar 23 at 13:31











    • @senderle I read your comment to that effect. It was and is a good point. many usages we think are recent prove to be recent prove not to be so. However, the Oxford Dictionaries entry - public.oed.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-singular-they goes on to point out that 18C grammarians decided singular ‘they’ was ‘wrong’. They appear to have succeeded, at least for British English. They article makes clear that singular they was treated as the norm in schools, as it certainly was in the schools in the mid twentieth century. But I accept that rather than arising, it returned.

      – Tuffy
      Mar 23 at 16:51











    • @Lambie All I am seeking to do is to understand why singular ‘they’ does not arise in romance and other more inflected languages, but can in English.

      – Tuffy
      Mar 23 at 21:24











    • Not using singular they can be wrong in some cases. Do we say "Everybody makes mistakes, doesn't he" or "Everybody makes mistakes, don't they"?

      – Peter Shor
      Mar 24 at 3:23




















    5 Answers
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    "Correct" is opinion as English is a natural language, and is therefore off topic.



    However, "usual" and "accepted" are measurable and therefore valid questions. My experience suggests that the use of the singular they is spreading at an accelerating rate down this list :




    Gender unknown (the doctor I will see tomorrow)

    Gender hidden (my partner if I choose to hide their gender)

    Gender irrelevant (the doctor I saw yesterday)

    Unspecified person of known gender (the woman in question)

    Specified person of known gender (my girlfriend)




    My experience is that as people are criticised more and more for politically incorrect use of he or she but almost never criticised for they except by pedants, people (especially children) are increasingly using they as it's easier than thinking which is correct.






    share|improve this answer


























    • Yes, the use may be spreading, but not when the gender is specifically specified, as it were.

      – Lambie
      Mar 22 at 15:04






    • 1





      It's certainly not that common yet, @lambie, but it does sometimes occur as evidenced by the question. As it is rare it is difficult to get statistics but I suspect it is more common for the generic unspecified woman in a survey than it would be for my girlfriend Esmeralda.

      – David Robinson
      Mar 22 at 15:33











    • I like the precision of this answer. I would suggest changing "the woman" to "a woman," since that's the phrasing in the original question, and the difference, while small, is significant.

      – senderle
      Mar 22 at 17:25






    • 1





      @senderle I had tried to avoid the implication that her gender was unknown even if she was a woman. I hope I have made it clearer.

      – David Robinson
      Mar 22 at 17:46
















    5














    "Correct" is opinion as English is a natural language, and is therefore off topic.



    However, "usual" and "accepted" are measurable and therefore valid questions. My experience suggests that the use of the singular they is spreading at an accelerating rate down this list :




    Gender unknown (the doctor I will see tomorrow)

    Gender hidden (my partner if I choose to hide their gender)

    Gender irrelevant (the doctor I saw yesterday)

    Unspecified person of known gender (the woman in question)

    Specified person of known gender (my girlfriend)




    My experience is that as people are criticised more and more for politically incorrect use of he or she but almost never criticised for they except by pedants, people (especially children) are increasingly using they as it's easier than thinking which is correct.






    share|improve this answer


























    • Yes, the use may be spreading, but not when the gender is specifically specified, as it were.

      – Lambie
      Mar 22 at 15:04






    • 1





      It's certainly not that common yet, @lambie, but it does sometimes occur as evidenced by the question. As it is rare it is difficult to get statistics but I suspect it is more common for the generic unspecified woman in a survey than it would be for my girlfriend Esmeralda.

      – David Robinson
      Mar 22 at 15:33











    • I like the precision of this answer. I would suggest changing "the woman" to "a woman," since that's the phrasing in the original question, and the difference, while small, is significant.

      – senderle
      Mar 22 at 17:25






    • 1





      @senderle I had tried to avoid the implication that her gender was unknown even if she was a woman. I hope I have made it clearer.

      – David Robinson
      Mar 22 at 17:46














    5












    5








    5







    "Correct" is opinion as English is a natural language, and is therefore off topic.



    However, "usual" and "accepted" are measurable and therefore valid questions. My experience suggests that the use of the singular they is spreading at an accelerating rate down this list :




    Gender unknown (the doctor I will see tomorrow)

    Gender hidden (my partner if I choose to hide their gender)

    Gender irrelevant (the doctor I saw yesterday)

    Unspecified person of known gender (the woman in question)

    Specified person of known gender (my girlfriend)




    My experience is that as people are criticised more and more for politically incorrect use of he or she but almost never criticised for they except by pedants, people (especially children) are increasingly using they as it's easier than thinking which is correct.






    share|improve this answer















    "Correct" is opinion as English is a natural language, and is therefore off topic.



    However, "usual" and "accepted" are measurable and therefore valid questions. My experience suggests that the use of the singular they is spreading at an accelerating rate down this list :




    Gender unknown (the doctor I will see tomorrow)

    Gender hidden (my partner if I choose to hide their gender)

    Gender irrelevant (the doctor I saw yesterday)

    Unspecified person of known gender (the woman in question)

    Specified person of known gender (my girlfriend)




    My experience is that as people are criticised more and more for politically incorrect use of he or she but almost never criticised for they except by pedants, people (especially children) are increasingly using they as it's easier than thinking which is correct.







    share|improve this answer














    share|improve this answer



    share|improve this answer








    edited Mar 22 at 17:44

























    answered Mar 22 at 14:57









    David RobinsonDavid Robinson

    2,587216




    2,587216













    • Yes, the use may be spreading, but not when the gender is specifically specified, as it were.

      – Lambie
      Mar 22 at 15:04






    • 1





      It's certainly not that common yet, @lambie, but it does sometimes occur as evidenced by the question. As it is rare it is difficult to get statistics but I suspect it is more common for the generic unspecified woman in a survey than it would be for my girlfriend Esmeralda.

      – David Robinson
      Mar 22 at 15:33











    • I like the precision of this answer. I would suggest changing "the woman" to "a woman," since that's the phrasing in the original question, and the difference, while small, is significant.

      – senderle
      Mar 22 at 17:25






    • 1





      @senderle I had tried to avoid the implication that her gender was unknown even if she was a woman. I hope I have made it clearer.

      – David Robinson
      Mar 22 at 17:46



















    • Yes, the use may be spreading, but not when the gender is specifically specified, as it were.

      – Lambie
      Mar 22 at 15:04






    • 1





      It's certainly not that common yet, @lambie, but it does sometimes occur as evidenced by the question. As it is rare it is difficult to get statistics but I suspect it is more common for the generic unspecified woman in a survey than it would be for my girlfriend Esmeralda.

      – David Robinson
      Mar 22 at 15:33











    • I like the precision of this answer. I would suggest changing "the woman" to "a woman," since that's the phrasing in the original question, and the difference, while small, is significant.

      – senderle
      Mar 22 at 17:25






    • 1





      @senderle I had tried to avoid the implication that her gender was unknown even if she was a woman. I hope I have made it clearer.

      – David Robinson
      Mar 22 at 17:46

















    Yes, the use may be spreading, but not when the gender is specifically specified, as it were.

    – Lambie
    Mar 22 at 15:04





    Yes, the use may be spreading, but not when the gender is specifically specified, as it were.

    – Lambie
    Mar 22 at 15:04




    1




    1





    It's certainly not that common yet, @lambie, but it does sometimes occur as evidenced by the question. As it is rare it is difficult to get statistics but I suspect it is more common for the generic unspecified woman in a survey than it would be for my girlfriend Esmeralda.

    – David Robinson
    Mar 22 at 15:33





    It's certainly not that common yet, @lambie, but it does sometimes occur as evidenced by the question. As it is rare it is difficult to get statistics but I suspect it is more common for the generic unspecified woman in a survey than it would be for my girlfriend Esmeralda.

    – David Robinson
    Mar 22 at 15:33













    I like the precision of this answer. I would suggest changing "the woman" to "a woman," since that's the phrasing in the original question, and the difference, while small, is significant.

    – senderle
    Mar 22 at 17:25





    I like the precision of this answer. I would suggest changing "the woman" to "a woman," since that's the phrasing in the original question, and the difference, while small, is significant.

    – senderle
    Mar 22 at 17:25




    1




    1





    @senderle I had tried to avoid the implication that her gender was unknown even if she was a woman. I hope I have made it clearer.

    – David Robinson
    Mar 22 at 17:46





    @senderle I had tried to avoid the implication that her gender was unknown even if she was a woman. I hope I have made it clearer.

    – David Robinson
    Mar 22 at 17:46













    3














    "Correct" is a social judgment, not a linguistic one.



    The OED has examples of singular their going back to 1382, but there are still people around who think there is something wrong with it.



    If you care about being judged by people who think that, then don't use it. The rest of us will carry on using this useful English word with a long history.






    share|improve this answer



















    • 3





      The question is about people with known gender. The OED is talking about usage "[i]n relation to a singular noun or pronoun of undetermined gender: his or her."

      – Laurel
      Mar 21 at 21:01











    • Even people who use singular they generally do not extend it to eclipse all singular pronouns like this. There was a recent question where someone mentioned their (!) eight-year-old daughter ‘correcting’ his use of she for an unspecified, but female, classmate, claiming it should be they; but that sort of usage remains a marginal exception.

      – Janus Bahs Jacquet
      Mar 21 at 23:04











    • @Laurel That's what the definition says, but see the translation here: "Each man hurried ... till they drew near..."

      – senderle
      Mar 21 at 23:06











    • Yes, examples like: Everyone uses their mobile phones when they shouldn't. But not when the usage is specifically about a man or woman. I disagree with their in this case.

      – Lambie
      Mar 22 at 15:03











    • @Laurel Gender isn't known. Presumably "woman" here means a female from birth. Otherwise I think 142 cm or ~4' 8" is quite a bit short of the mark.

      – R Mac
      Mar 23 at 1:18


















    3














    "Correct" is a social judgment, not a linguistic one.



    The OED has examples of singular their going back to 1382, but there are still people around who think there is something wrong with it.



    If you care about being judged by people who think that, then don't use it. The rest of us will carry on using this useful English word with a long history.






    share|improve this answer



















    • 3





      The question is about people with known gender. The OED is talking about usage "[i]n relation to a singular noun or pronoun of undetermined gender: his or her."

      – Laurel
      Mar 21 at 21:01











    • Even people who use singular they generally do not extend it to eclipse all singular pronouns like this. There was a recent question where someone mentioned their (!) eight-year-old daughter ‘correcting’ his use of she for an unspecified, but female, classmate, claiming it should be they; but that sort of usage remains a marginal exception.

      – Janus Bahs Jacquet
      Mar 21 at 23:04











    • @Laurel That's what the definition says, but see the translation here: "Each man hurried ... till they drew near..."

      – senderle
      Mar 21 at 23:06











    • Yes, examples like: Everyone uses their mobile phones when they shouldn't. But not when the usage is specifically about a man or woman. I disagree with their in this case.

      – Lambie
      Mar 22 at 15:03











    • @Laurel Gender isn't known. Presumably "woman" here means a female from birth. Otherwise I think 142 cm or ~4' 8" is quite a bit short of the mark.

      – R Mac
      Mar 23 at 1:18
















    3












    3








    3







    "Correct" is a social judgment, not a linguistic one.



    The OED has examples of singular their going back to 1382, but there are still people around who think there is something wrong with it.



    If you care about being judged by people who think that, then don't use it. The rest of us will carry on using this useful English word with a long history.






    share|improve this answer













    "Correct" is a social judgment, not a linguistic one.



    The OED has examples of singular their going back to 1382, but there are still people around who think there is something wrong with it.



    If you care about being judged by people who think that, then don't use it. The rest of us will carry on using this useful English word with a long history.







    share|improve this answer












    share|improve this answer



    share|improve this answer










    answered Mar 21 at 20:57









    Colin FineColin Fine

    65.1k176163




    65.1k176163








    • 3





      The question is about people with known gender. The OED is talking about usage "[i]n relation to a singular noun or pronoun of undetermined gender: his or her."

      – Laurel
      Mar 21 at 21:01











    • Even people who use singular they generally do not extend it to eclipse all singular pronouns like this. There was a recent question where someone mentioned their (!) eight-year-old daughter ‘correcting’ his use of she for an unspecified, but female, classmate, claiming it should be they; but that sort of usage remains a marginal exception.

      – Janus Bahs Jacquet
      Mar 21 at 23:04











    • @Laurel That's what the definition says, but see the translation here: "Each man hurried ... till they drew near..."

      – senderle
      Mar 21 at 23:06











    • Yes, examples like: Everyone uses their mobile phones when they shouldn't. But not when the usage is specifically about a man or woman. I disagree with their in this case.

      – Lambie
      Mar 22 at 15:03











    • @Laurel Gender isn't known. Presumably "woman" here means a female from birth. Otherwise I think 142 cm or ~4' 8" is quite a bit short of the mark.

      – R Mac
      Mar 23 at 1:18
















    • 3





      The question is about people with known gender. The OED is talking about usage "[i]n relation to a singular noun or pronoun of undetermined gender: his or her."

      – Laurel
      Mar 21 at 21:01











    • Even people who use singular they generally do not extend it to eclipse all singular pronouns like this. There was a recent question where someone mentioned their (!) eight-year-old daughter ‘correcting’ his use of she for an unspecified, but female, classmate, claiming it should be they; but that sort of usage remains a marginal exception.

      – Janus Bahs Jacquet
      Mar 21 at 23:04











    • @Laurel That's what the definition says, but see the translation here: "Each man hurried ... till they drew near..."

      – senderle
      Mar 21 at 23:06











    • Yes, examples like: Everyone uses their mobile phones when they shouldn't. But not when the usage is specifically about a man or woman. I disagree with their in this case.

      – Lambie
      Mar 22 at 15:03











    • @Laurel Gender isn't known. Presumably "woman" here means a female from birth. Otherwise I think 142 cm or ~4' 8" is quite a bit short of the mark.

      – R Mac
      Mar 23 at 1:18










    3




    3





    The question is about people with known gender. The OED is talking about usage "[i]n relation to a singular noun or pronoun of undetermined gender: his or her."

    – Laurel
    Mar 21 at 21:01





    The question is about people with known gender. The OED is talking about usage "[i]n relation to a singular noun or pronoun of undetermined gender: his or her."

    – Laurel
    Mar 21 at 21:01













    Even people who use singular they generally do not extend it to eclipse all singular pronouns like this. There was a recent question where someone mentioned their (!) eight-year-old daughter ‘correcting’ his use of she for an unspecified, but female, classmate, claiming it should be they; but that sort of usage remains a marginal exception.

    – Janus Bahs Jacquet
    Mar 21 at 23:04





    Even people who use singular they generally do not extend it to eclipse all singular pronouns like this. There was a recent question where someone mentioned their (!) eight-year-old daughter ‘correcting’ his use of she for an unspecified, but female, classmate, claiming it should be they; but that sort of usage remains a marginal exception.

    – Janus Bahs Jacquet
    Mar 21 at 23:04













    @Laurel That's what the definition says, but see the translation here: "Each man hurried ... till they drew near..."

    – senderle
    Mar 21 at 23:06





    @Laurel That's what the definition says, but see the translation here: "Each man hurried ... till they drew near..."

    – senderle
    Mar 21 at 23:06













    Yes, examples like: Everyone uses their mobile phones when they shouldn't. But not when the usage is specifically about a man or woman. I disagree with their in this case.

    – Lambie
    Mar 22 at 15:03





    Yes, examples like: Everyone uses their mobile phones when they shouldn't. But not when the usage is specifically about a man or woman. I disagree with their in this case.

    – Lambie
    Mar 22 at 15:03













    @Laurel Gender isn't known. Presumably "woman" here means a female from birth. Otherwise I think 142 cm or ~4' 8" is quite a bit short of the mark.

    – R Mac
    Mar 23 at 1:18







    @Laurel Gender isn't known. Presumably "woman" here means a female from birth. Otherwise I think 142 cm or ~4' 8" is quite a bit short of the mark.

    – R Mac
    Mar 23 at 1:18













    2














    To be short: it depends who you ask. The singular pronoun "them" has been in use since the 14th century, so it would be hard for someone to claim that there's no precedent for using it. Not only is there; it's actually rather popular.



    But should you use it? That's where it depends who you ask. The Wikipedia article on the subject has an excellent, well-referenced section describing the advice of various style guides. Suffice to say they disagree.



    https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singular_they



    If the experts don't agree, who are we to answer your question? Certainly singular "they" appears in most any modern dictionary. But some style guides prohibit its use, while other style guides encourage it. As with all decisions to be predicated on opinion in writing, when deciding whether to use it, take the rules of the organization on whose behalf you are writing into account, and choose whichever option is most appropriate for your target audience.






    share|improve this answer




























      2














      To be short: it depends who you ask. The singular pronoun "them" has been in use since the 14th century, so it would be hard for someone to claim that there's no precedent for using it. Not only is there; it's actually rather popular.



      But should you use it? That's where it depends who you ask. The Wikipedia article on the subject has an excellent, well-referenced section describing the advice of various style guides. Suffice to say they disagree.



      https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singular_they



      If the experts don't agree, who are we to answer your question? Certainly singular "they" appears in most any modern dictionary. But some style guides prohibit its use, while other style guides encourage it. As with all decisions to be predicated on opinion in writing, when deciding whether to use it, take the rules of the organization on whose behalf you are writing into account, and choose whichever option is most appropriate for your target audience.






      share|improve this answer


























        2












        2








        2







        To be short: it depends who you ask. The singular pronoun "them" has been in use since the 14th century, so it would be hard for someone to claim that there's no precedent for using it. Not only is there; it's actually rather popular.



        But should you use it? That's where it depends who you ask. The Wikipedia article on the subject has an excellent, well-referenced section describing the advice of various style guides. Suffice to say they disagree.



        https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singular_they



        If the experts don't agree, who are we to answer your question? Certainly singular "they" appears in most any modern dictionary. But some style guides prohibit its use, while other style guides encourage it. As with all decisions to be predicated on opinion in writing, when deciding whether to use it, take the rules of the organization on whose behalf you are writing into account, and choose whichever option is most appropriate for your target audience.






        share|improve this answer













        To be short: it depends who you ask. The singular pronoun "them" has been in use since the 14th century, so it would be hard for someone to claim that there's no precedent for using it. Not only is there; it's actually rather popular.



        But should you use it? That's where it depends who you ask. The Wikipedia article on the subject has an excellent, well-referenced section describing the advice of various style guides. Suffice to say they disagree.



        https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singular_they



        If the experts don't agree, who are we to answer your question? Certainly singular "they" appears in most any modern dictionary. But some style guides prohibit its use, while other style guides encourage it. As with all decisions to be predicated on opinion in writing, when deciding whether to use it, take the rules of the organization on whose behalf you are writing into account, and choose whichever option is most appropriate for your target audience.







        share|improve this answer












        share|improve this answer



        share|improve this answer










        answered Mar 23 at 0:54









        R MacR Mac

        2,417513




        2,417513























            0














            Insofar as anything is right or wrong in grammar, 'their' is wrong here, and 'her' is right. Imagine you were learning English as a foreign language; I'm sure you'd be told that (unless there is gender ambiguity) a female individual requires the possessive adjective "her".



            The only reason I can think of for using 'their' in a case like this would be to tease those who are annoyed by such solecisms.






            share|improve this answer


























            • There is no valid reason not to use her in this case. A woman, her. A man, him/his. There are cases, where the plural is fine: Everyone should bring their lunch with them. So, +1 here.

              – Lambie
              Mar 22 at 15:02






            • 3





              I don't know about this answer.. "Their" is gender neutral. It's always ok to use it when referring to anyone in the third person. It just isn't used like this very often. The example in the question certainly is not "wrong" in any way. Sometimes native speakers do use "their" even when "her" or "his" would also work, and it's not wrong. It's just a quirk of speech.

              – only_pro
              Mar 22 at 15:07








            • 1





              It seems to me that this is not an issue of grammar. There's a large body of evidence supporting the use of "they" as a singular, gender-neutral, personal pronoun. So what is the grammatical rule being broken here? Is it something like "you must use a gendered pronoun unless there is a valid reason not to," as @Lambie suggests? But in that case, what makes a reason "valid"? I think that's a loose stylistic guideline, not a grammatical rule.

              – senderle
              Mar 22 at 17:41






            • 1





              @Lambie I just don't see what that has to do with grammar.

              – senderle
              Mar 22 at 23:14






            • 1





              @Lambie There is no definitive gender here. There is, presumably, a definitive sex. Grammar doesn't give two flying fiddles whether a writer infers gender from sex and risks offense, but, as senderlie says, singular "they" is absolutely acceptable in some styles.

              – R Mac
              Mar 23 at 1:12
















            0














            Insofar as anything is right or wrong in grammar, 'their' is wrong here, and 'her' is right. Imagine you were learning English as a foreign language; I'm sure you'd be told that (unless there is gender ambiguity) a female individual requires the possessive adjective "her".



            The only reason I can think of for using 'their' in a case like this would be to tease those who are annoyed by such solecisms.






            share|improve this answer


























            • There is no valid reason not to use her in this case. A woman, her. A man, him/his. There are cases, where the plural is fine: Everyone should bring their lunch with them. So, +1 here.

              – Lambie
              Mar 22 at 15:02






            • 3





              I don't know about this answer.. "Their" is gender neutral. It's always ok to use it when referring to anyone in the third person. It just isn't used like this very often. The example in the question certainly is not "wrong" in any way. Sometimes native speakers do use "their" even when "her" or "his" would also work, and it's not wrong. It's just a quirk of speech.

              – only_pro
              Mar 22 at 15:07








            • 1





              It seems to me that this is not an issue of grammar. There's a large body of evidence supporting the use of "they" as a singular, gender-neutral, personal pronoun. So what is the grammatical rule being broken here? Is it something like "you must use a gendered pronoun unless there is a valid reason not to," as @Lambie suggests? But in that case, what makes a reason "valid"? I think that's a loose stylistic guideline, not a grammatical rule.

              – senderle
              Mar 22 at 17:41






            • 1





              @Lambie I just don't see what that has to do with grammar.

              – senderle
              Mar 22 at 23:14






            • 1





              @Lambie There is no definitive gender here. There is, presumably, a definitive sex. Grammar doesn't give two flying fiddles whether a writer infers gender from sex and risks offense, but, as senderlie says, singular "they" is absolutely acceptable in some styles.

              – R Mac
              Mar 23 at 1:12














            0












            0








            0







            Insofar as anything is right or wrong in grammar, 'their' is wrong here, and 'her' is right. Imagine you were learning English as a foreign language; I'm sure you'd be told that (unless there is gender ambiguity) a female individual requires the possessive adjective "her".



            The only reason I can think of for using 'their' in a case like this would be to tease those who are annoyed by such solecisms.






            share|improve this answer















            Insofar as anything is right or wrong in grammar, 'their' is wrong here, and 'her' is right. Imagine you were learning English as a foreign language; I'm sure you'd be told that (unless there is gender ambiguity) a female individual requires the possessive adjective "her".



            The only reason I can think of for using 'their' in a case like this would be to tease those who are annoyed by such solecisms.







            share|improve this answer














            share|improve this answer



            share|improve this answer








            edited Mar 22 at 8:59

























            answered Mar 21 at 22:56









            Philip WoodPhilip Wood

            1353




            1353













            • There is no valid reason not to use her in this case. A woman, her. A man, him/his. There are cases, where the plural is fine: Everyone should bring their lunch with them. So, +1 here.

              – Lambie
              Mar 22 at 15:02






            • 3





              I don't know about this answer.. "Their" is gender neutral. It's always ok to use it when referring to anyone in the third person. It just isn't used like this very often. The example in the question certainly is not "wrong" in any way. Sometimes native speakers do use "their" even when "her" or "his" would also work, and it's not wrong. It's just a quirk of speech.

              – only_pro
              Mar 22 at 15:07








            • 1





              It seems to me that this is not an issue of grammar. There's a large body of evidence supporting the use of "they" as a singular, gender-neutral, personal pronoun. So what is the grammatical rule being broken here? Is it something like "you must use a gendered pronoun unless there is a valid reason not to," as @Lambie suggests? But in that case, what makes a reason "valid"? I think that's a loose stylistic guideline, not a grammatical rule.

              – senderle
              Mar 22 at 17:41






            • 1





              @Lambie I just don't see what that has to do with grammar.

              – senderle
              Mar 22 at 23:14






            • 1





              @Lambie There is no definitive gender here. There is, presumably, a definitive sex. Grammar doesn't give two flying fiddles whether a writer infers gender from sex and risks offense, but, as senderlie says, singular "they" is absolutely acceptable in some styles.

              – R Mac
              Mar 23 at 1:12



















            • There is no valid reason not to use her in this case. A woman, her. A man, him/his. There are cases, where the plural is fine: Everyone should bring their lunch with them. So, +1 here.

              – Lambie
              Mar 22 at 15:02






            • 3





              I don't know about this answer.. "Their" is gender neutral. It's always ok to use it when referring to anyone in the third person. It just isn't used like this very often. The example in the question certainly is not "wrong" in any way. Sometimes native speakers do use "their" even when "her" or "his" would also work, and it's not wrong. It's just a quirk of speech.

              – only_pro
              Mar 22 at 15:07








            • 1





              It seems to me that this is not an issue of grammar. There's a large body of evidence supporting the use of "they" as a singular, gender-neutral, personal pronoun. So what is the grammatical rule being broken here? Is it something like "you must use a gendered pronoun unless there is a valid reason not to," as @Lambie suggests? But in that case, what makes a reason "valid"? I think that's a loose stylistic guideline, not a grammatical rule.

              – senderle
              Mar 22 at 17:41






            • 1





              @Lambie I just don't see what that has to do with grammar.

              – senderle
              Mar 22 at 23:14






            • 1





              @Lambie There is no definitive gender here. There is, presumably, a definitive sex. Grammar doesn't give two flying fiddles whether a writer infers gender from sex and risks offense, but, as senderlie says, singular "they" is absolutely acceptable in some styles.

              – R Mac
              Mar 23 at 1:12

















            There is no valid reason not to use her in this case. A woman, her. A man, him/his. There are cases, where the plural is fine: Everyone should bring their lunch with them. So, +1 here.

            – Lambie
            Mar 22 at 15:02





            There is no valid reason not to use her in this case. A woman, her. A man, him/his. There are cases, where the plural is fine: Everyone should bring their lunch with them. So, +1 here.

            – Lambie
            Mar 22 at 15:02




            3




            3





            I don't know about this answer.. "Their" is gender neutral. It's always ok to use it when referring to anyone in the third person. It just isn't used like this very often. The example in the question certainly is not "wrong" in any way. Sometimes native speakers do use "their" even when "her" or "his" would also work, and it's not wrong. It's just a quirk of speech.

            – only_pro
            Mar 22 at 15:07







            I don't know about this answer.. "Their" is gender neutral. It's always ok to use it when referring to anyone in the third person. It just isn't used like this very often. The example in the question certainly is not "wrong" in any way. Sometimes native speakers do use "their" even when "her" or "his" would also work, and it's not wrong. It's just a quirk of speech.

            – only_pro
            Mar 22 at 15:07






            1




            1





            It seems to me that this is not an issue of grammar. There's a large body of evidence supporting the use of "they" as a singular, gender-neutral, personal pronoun. So what is the grammatical rule being broken here? Is it something like "you must use a gendered pronoun unless there is a valid reason not to," as @Lambie suggests? But in that case, what makes a reason "valid"? I think that's a loose stylistic guideline, not a grammatical rule.

            – senderle
            Mar 22 at 17:41





            It seems to me that this is not an issue of grammar. There's a large body of evidence supporting the use of "they" as a singular, gender-neutral, personal pronoun. So what is the grammatical rule being broken here? Is it something like "you must use a gendered pronoun unless there is a valid reason not to," as @Lambie suggests? But in that case, what makes a reason "valid"? I think that's a loose stylistic guideline, not a grammatical rule.

            – senderle
            Mar 22 at 17:41




            1




            1





            @Lambie I just don't see what that has to do with grammar.

            – senderle
            Mar 22 at 23:14





            @Lambie I just don't see what that has to do with grammar.

            – senderle
            Mar 22 at 23:14




            1




            1





            @Lambie There is no definitive gender here. There is, presumably, a definitive sex. Grammar doesn't give two flying fiddles whether a writer infers gender from sex and risks offense, but, as senderlie says, singular "they" is absolutely acceptable in some styles.

            – R Mac
            Mar 23 at 1:12





            @Lambie There is no definitive gender here. There is, presumably, a definitive sex. Grammar doesn't give two flying fiddles whether a writer infers gender from sex and risks offense, but, as senderlie says, singular "they" is absolutely acceptable in some styles.

            – R Mac
            Mar 23 at 1:12











            -1














            Perhaps we should start from a simple point, which is at the root of your question about the use of the plural pronoun to refer to a singular noun. It all comes down to gender. The writer has got into the habit of using the plural, genderless ‘their’ in preference to the singular gender feminine ‘her’. Why?



            The personal pronoun is a rare English word that inflects by gender. You could have an ethical/social argument about whether it would be proper to bring an end to this form of gender discrimination.



            There is even a linguistic case for suggesting this anomaly in our language would be better replaced. We don’t seem to need a gender in the plural Of course the only possible neutral pronoun is the neuter ‘it’. To start with, at least, it would be hard to swallow people being referred to as ‘it’, but we might get used to it eventually.



            However, it is not, as has been pointed out, for students of usage to legislate. The usage cited here of the (neutral) plural pronoun in relation to a singular feminine noun is, I think a symptom of transitional unease.



            It goes back to the usage, generally accepted well into the 1960s, that, given a singular noun which refers to a class including both female and male members, the masculine form should be used.



            This is not just a feature of English. It applies even more to romance and Teutonic languages, where the articles and adjectives all inflect in this way. Greek even retains a neuter form. In all of them the masculine will be used for adjectives agreeing with words like doctor and feminine for words like nurse for obvious (but now discredited) reasons that these avocations are historically associated with men and women, respectively. But it is harder to change in these languages, partly because the ‘gender’ inflexions are not solely indicators of sex. In French window as well as woman (une fenêtre, une femme) is feminine and monster (un monstre) as well as man (un homme) is masculine. In almost gender uninflected English nouns are grammatically genderless, with a few exceptions, such as the ship, as in ‘steady as she goes’.



            In all inflected languages I know, where masculine and feminine are conjointly qualified by the same adjective, the adjective must be in the masculine form (as in Handsel and Gretel are lost - Handsel et Gretel sont perdus - not perdues). Thus the precedence of the masculine over feminine is much harder to break in French than in English.



            But for English the problem arises with ‘singular plural’ adjectives like each, every, any, when qualifying a singular noun that refers to a plurality.




            Each to his own?



            Every student must study as hard as he can?



            Don’t tell anybody how he should behave?




            Thanks to the feminist movement a majority (I hope) of Brits, especially younger folk, have grown uncomfortable with this use of the masculine form of the personal pronoun. This is especially true when we speak of presigious occupations.




            Every doctor does the best he can for each of his patients no matter what his needs may be.




            We are on the horns of a dilemma: do we continue to ‘mis-assign’ gender (masculine for both) or person (plural for singular)?



            We can escape by having it both ways, by using a cumbersome disjunction of both genders




            Every doctor does the best he or she can for each of his or her patients no matter what his or her needs may be.




            Or we can duck the dilemma by using the neutral plural their.




            Every doctor does the best they can for each of their patients no matter what their needs may be.




            Over time this strategy has become common enough to displace the old rule of number consistency to a large extent



            There is another way off the two horns without ‘infringing’ the old number rules by avoiding the singular/plural collective adjectives altogether.




            All doctors do the best they can for all their patients no matter what their needs may be.




            But at times we really want ‘each’ and ‘every, because it makes the relationship personal rather than general. In that case there is no escape from the uncomfortable ‘he or she’ (I use ‘s/he’) without committing the discredited gender bias.



            Which brings me to your original question and my transitional stress. What I mean is that speakers and writers of English have become so accustomed to the shift of number, replacing he/him/his with they/them/their that some overshoot the reason for number shift and use it automatically in the absence of the original reason.



            The shift from her to (what I should in my distant youth have said was the incorrect) their in your quoted example is for that speaker/writer becoming a fixed speech habit. I have never seen it before, and I doubt whether it is common enough to be becoming standard usage - yet. But it might do so. At which point, if ever, a ‘neogrammatism’ becomes widely enough used to be accepted as a standard usage nobody can say. For the present I don’t recommend it.






            share|improve this answer
























            • The narrative you offer here directly contradicts a mountain of historical evidence about past usage of "they," going back for centuries. Please read this to see what I mean.

              – senderle
              Mar 23 at 12:59











            • The Romance languages thing is completely irrelevant here.Shift in number is OK for "everyone" and "their", but not for "a woman" and "their" in a serious text. No editor would accept: "A woman's lifespan is influenced by their" [etc] because just imagine the confusion: "by their family's income" versus "by her income"....2 completely different meanings.

              – Lambie
              Mar 23 at 13:31











            • @senderle I read your comment to that effect. It was and is a good point. many usages we think are recent prove to be recent prove not to be so. However, the Oxford Dictionaries entry - public.oed.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-singular-they goes on to point out that 18C grammarians decided singular ‘they’ was ‘wrong’. They appear to have succeeded, at least for British English. They article makes clear that singular they was treated as the norm in schools, as it certainly was in the schools in the mid twentieth century. But I accept that rather than arising, it returned.

              – Tuffy
              Mar 23 at 16:51











            • @Lambie All I am seeking to do is to understand why singular ‘they’ does not arise in romance and other more inflected languages, but can in English.

              – Tuffy
              Mar 23 at 21:24











            • Not using singular they can be wrong in some cases. Do we say "Everybody makes mistakes, doesn't he" or "Everybody makes mistakes, don't they"?

              – Peter Shor
              Mar 24 at 3:23


















            -1














            Perhaps we should start from a simple point, which is at the root of your question about the use of the plural pronoun to refer to a singular noun. It all comes down to gender. The writer has got into the habit of using the plural, genderless ‘their’ in preference to the singular gender feminine ‘her’. Why?



            The personal pronoun is a rare English word that inflects by gender. You could have an ethical/social argument about whether it would be proper to bring an end to this form of gender discrimination.



            There is even a linguistic case for suggesting this anomaly in our language would be better replaced. We don’t seem to need a gender in the plural Of course the only possible neutral pronoun is the neuter ‘it’. To start with, at least, it would be hard to swallow people being referred to as ‘it’, but we might get used to it eventually.



            However, it is not, as has been pointed out, for students of usage to legislate. The usage cited here of the (neutral) plural pronoun in relation to a singular feminine noun is, I think a symptom of transitional unease.



            It goes back to the usage, generally accepted well into the 1960s, that, given a singular noun which refers to a class including both female and male members, the masculine form should be used.



            This is not just a feature of English. It applies even more to romance and Teutonic languages, where the articles and adjectives all inflect in this way. Greek even retains a neuter form. In all of them the masculine will be used for adjectives agreeing with words like doctor and feminine for words like nurse for obvious (but now discredited) reasons that these avocations are historically associated with men and women, respectively. But it is harder to change in these languages, partly because the ‘gender’ inflexions are not solely indicators of sex. In French window as well as woman (une fenêtre, une femme) is feminine and monster (un monstre) as well as man (un homme) is masculine. In almost gender uninflected English nouns are grammatically genderless, with a few exceptions, such as the ship, as in ‘steady as she goes’.



            In all inflected languages I know, where masculine and feminine are conjointly qualified by the same adjective, the adjective must be in the masculine form (as in Handsel and Gretel are lost - Handsel et Gretel sont perdus - not perdues). Thus the precedence of the masculine over feminine is much harder to break in French than in English.



            But for English the problem arises with ‘singular plural’ adjectives like each, every, any, when qualifying a singular noun that refers to a plurality.




            Each to his own?



            Every student must study as hard as he can?



            Don’t tell anybody how he should behave?




            Thanks to the feminist movement a majority (I hope) of Brits, especially younger folk, have grown uncomfortable with this use of the masculine form of the personal pronoun. This is especially true when we speak of presigious occupations.




            Every doctor does the best he can for each of his patients no matter what his needs may be.




            We are on the horns of a dilemma: do we continue to ‘mis-assign’ gender (masculine for both) or person (plural for singular)?



            We can escape by having it both ways, by using a cumbersome disjunction of both genders




            Every doctor does the best he or she can for each of his or her patients no matter what his or her needs may be.




            Or we can duck the dilemma by using the neutral plural their.




            Every doctor does the best they can for each of their patients no matter what their needs may be.




            Over time this strategy has become common enough to displace the old rule of number consistency to a large extent



            There is another way off the two horns without ‘infringing’ the old number rules by avoiding the singular/plural collective adjectives altogether.




            All doctors do the best they can for all their patients no matter what their needs may be.




            But at times we really want ‘each’ and ‘every, because it makes the relationship personal rather than general. In that case there is no escape from the uncomfortable ‘he or she’ (I use ‘s/he’) without committing the discredited gender bias.



            Which brings me to your original question and my transitional stress. What I mean is that speakers and writers of English have become so accustomed to the shift of number, replacing he/him/his with they/them/their that some overshoot the reason for number shift and use it automatically in the absence of the original reason.



            The shift from her to (what I should in my distant youth have said was the incorrect) their in your quoted example is for that speaker/writer becoming a fixed speech habit. I have never seen it before, and I doubt whether it is common enough to be becoming standard usage - yet. But it might do so. At which point, if ever, a ‘neogrammatism’ becomes widely enough used to be accepted as a standard usage nobody can say. For the present I don’t recommend it.






            share|improve this answer
























            • The narrative you offer here directly contradicts a mountain of historical evidence about past usage of "they," going back for centuries. Please read this to see what I mean.

              – senderle
              Mar 23 at 12:59











            • The Romance languages thing is completely irrelevant here.Shift in number is OK for "everyone" and "their", but not for "a woman" and "their" in a serious text. No editor would accept: "A woman's lifespan is influenced by their" [etc] because just imagine the confusion: "by their family's income" versus "by her income"....2 completely different meanings.

              – Lambie
              Mar 23 at 13:31











            • @senderle I read your comment to that effect. It was and is a good point. many usages we think are recent prove to be recent prove not to be so. However, the Oxford Dictionaries entry - public.oed.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-singular-they goes on to point out that 18C grammarians decided singular ‘they’ was ‘wrong’. They appear to have succeeded, at least for British English. They article makes clear that singular they was treated as the norm in schools, as it certainly was in the schools in the mid twentieth century. But I accept that rather than arising, it returned.

              – Tuffy
              Mar 23 at 16:51











            • @Lambie All I am seeking to do is to understand why singular ‘they’ does not arise in romance and other more inflected languages, but can in English.

              – Tuffy
              Mar 23 at 21:24











            • Not using singular they can be wrong in some cases. Do we say "Everybody makes mistakes, doesn't he" or "Everybody makes mistakes, don't they"?

              – Peter Shor
              Mar 24 at 3:23
















            -1












            -1








            -1







            Perhaps we should start from a simple point, which is at the root of your question about the use of the plural pronoun to refer to a singular noun. It all comes down to gender. The writer has got into the habit of using the plural, genderless ‘their’ in preference to the singular gender feminine ‘her’. Why?



            The personal pronoun is a rare English word that inflects by gender. You could have an ethical/social argument about whether it would be proper to bring an end to this form of gender discrimination.



            There is even a linguistic case for suggesting this anomaly in our language would be better replaced. We don’t seem to need a gender in the plural Of course the only possible neutral pronoun is the neuter ‘it’. To start with, at least, it would be hard to swallow people being referred to as ‘it’, but we might get used to it eventually.



            However, it is not, as has been pointed out, for students of usage to legislate. The usage cited here of the (neutral) plural pronoun in relation to a singular feminine noun is, I think a symptom of transitional unease.



            It goes back to the usage, generally accepted well into the 1960s, that, given a singular noun which refers to a class including both female and male members, the masculine form should be used.



            This is not just a feature of English. It applies even more to romance and Teutonic languages, where the articles and adjectives all inflect in this way. Greek even retains a neuter form. In all of them the masculine will be used for adjectives agreeing with words like doctor and feminine for words like nurse for obvious (but now discredited) reasons that these avocations are historically associated with men and women, respectively. But it is harder to change in these languages, partly because the ‘gender’ inflexions are not solely indicators of sex. In French window as well as woman (une fenêtre, une femme) is feminine and monster (un monstre) as well as man (un homme) is masculine. In almost gender uninflected English nouns are grammatically genderless, with a few exceptions, such as the ship, as in ‘steady as she goes’.



            In all inflected languages I know, where masculine and feminine are conjointly qualified by the same adjective, the adjective must be in the masculine form (as in Handsel and Gretel are lost - Handsel et Gretel sont perdus - not perdues). Thus the precedence of the masculine over feminine is much harder to break in French than in English.



            But for English the problem arises with ‘singular plural’ adjectives like each, every, any, when qualifying a singular noun that refers to a plurality.




            Each to his own?



            Every student must study as hard as he can?



            Don’t tell anybody how he should behave?




            Thanks to the feminist movement a majority (I hope) of Brits, especially younger folk, have grown uncomfortable with this use of the masculine form of the personal pronoun. This is especially true when we speak of presigious occupations.




            Every doctor does the best he can for each of his patients no matter what his needs may be.




            We are on the horns of a dilemma: do we continue to ‘mis-assign’ gender (masculine for both) or person (plural for singular)?



            We can escape by having it both ways, by using a cumbersome disjunction of both genders




            Every doctor does the best he or she can for each of his or her patients no matter what his or her needs may be.




            Or we can duck the dilemma by using the neutral plural their.




            Every doctor does the best they can for each of their patients no matter what their needs may be.




            Over time this strategy has become common enough to displace the old rule of number consistency to a large extent



            There is another way off the two horns without ‘infringing’ the old number rules by avoiding the singular/plural collective adjectives altogether.




            All doctors do the best they can for all their patients no matter what their needs may be.




            But at times we really want ‘each’ and ‘every, because it makes the relationship personal rather than general. In that case there is no escape from the uncomfortable ‘he or she’ (I use ‘s/he’) without committing the discredited gender bias.



            Which brings me to your original question and my transitional stress. What I mean is that speakers and writers of English have become so accustomed to the shift of number, replacing he/him/his with they/them/their that some overshoot the reason for number shift and use it automatically in the absence of the original reason.



            The shift from her to (what I should in my distant youth have said was the incorrect) their in your quoted example is for that speaker/writer becoming a fixed speech habit. I have never seen it before, and I doubt whether it is common enough to be becoming standard usage - yet. But it might do so. At which point, if ever, a ‘neogrammatism’ becomes widely enough used to be accepted as a standard usage nobody can say. For the present I don’t recommend it.






            share|improve this answer













            Perhaps we should start from a simple point, which is at the root of your question about the use of the plural pronoun to refer to a singular noun. It all comes down to gender. The writer has got into the habit of using the plural, genderless ‘their’ in preference to the singular gender feminine ‘her’. Why?



            The personal pronoun is a rare English word that inflects by gender. You could have an ethical/social argument about whether it would be proper to bring an end to this form of gender discrimination.



            There is even a linguistic case for suggesting this anomaly in our language would be better replaced. We don’t seem to need a gender in the plural Of course the only possible neutral pronoun is the neuter ‘it’. To start with, at least, it would be hard to swallow people being referred to as ‘it’, but we might get used to it eventually.



            However, it is not, as has been pointed out, for students of usage to legislate. The usage cited here of the (neutral) plural pronoun in relation to a singular feminine noun is, I think a symptom of transitional unease.



            It goes back to the usage, generally accepted well into the 1960s, that, given a singular noun which refers to a class including both female and male members, the masculine form should be used.



            This is not just a feature of English. It applies even more to romance and Teutonic languages, where the articles and adjectives all inflect in this way. Greek even retains a neuter form. In all of them the masculine will be used for adjectives agreeing with words like doctor and feminine for words like nurse for obvious (but now discredited) reasons that these avocations are historically associated with men and women, respectively. But it is harder to change in these languages, partly because the ‘gender’ inflexions are not solely indicators of sex. In French window as well as woman (une fenêtre, une femme) is feminine and monster (un monstre) as well as man (un homme) is masculine. In almost gender uninflected English nouns are grammatically genderless, with a few exceptions, such as the ship, as in ‘steady as she goes’.



            In all inflected languages I know, where masculine and feminine are conjointly qualified by the same adjective, the adjective must be in the masculine form (as in Handsel and Gretel are lost - Handsel et Gretel sont perdus - not perdues). Thus the precedence of the masculine over feminine is much harder to break in French than in English.



            But for English the problem arises with ‘singular plural’ adjectives like each, every, any, when qualifying a singular noun that refers to a plurality.




            Each to his own?



            Every student must study as hard as he can?



            Don’t tell anybody how he should behave?




            Thanks to the feminist movement a majority (I hope) of Brits, especially younger folk, have grown uncomfortable with this use of the masculine form of the personal pronoun. This is especially true when we speak of presigious occupations.




            Every doctor does the best he can for each of his patients no matter what his needs may be.




            We are on the horns of a dilemma: do we continue to ‘mis-assign’ gender (masculine for both) or person (plural for singular)?



            We can escape by having it both ways, by using a cumbersome disjunction of both genders




            Every doctor does the best he or she can for each of his or her patients no matter what his or her needs may be.




            Or we can duck the dilemma by using the neutral plural their.




            Every doctor does the best they can for each of their patients no matter what their needs may be.




            Over time this strategy has become common enough to displace the old rule of number consistency to a large extent



            There is another way off the two horns without ‘infringing’ the old number rules by avoiding the singular/plural collective adjectives altogether.




            All doctors do the best they can for all their patients no matter what their needs may be.




            But at times we really want ‘each’ and ‘every, because it makes the relationship personal rather than general. In that case there is no escape from the uncomfortable ‘he or she’ (I use ‘s/he’) without committing the discredited gender bias.



            Which brings me to your original question and my transitional stress. What I mean is that speakers and writers of English have become so accustomed to the shift of number, replacing he/him/his with they/them/their that some overshoot the reason for number shift and use it automatically in the absence of the original reason.



            The shift from her to (what I should in my distant youth have said was the incorrect) their in your quoted example is for that speaker/writer becoming a fixed speech habit. I have never seen it before, and I doubt whether it is common enough to be becoming standard usage - yet. But it might do so. At which point, if ever, a ‘neogrammatism’ becomes widely enough used to be accepted as a standard usage nobody can say. For the present I don’t recommend it.







            share|improve this answer












            share|improve this answer



            share|improve this answer










            answered Mar 22 at 21:41









            TuffyTuffy

            4,0561621




            4,0561621













            • The narrative you offer here directly contradicts a mountain of historical evidence about past usage of "they," going back for centuries. Please read this to see what I mean.

              – senderle
              Mar 23 at 12:59











            • The Romance languages thing is completely irrelevant here.Shift in number is OK for "everyone" and "their", but not for "a woman" and "their" in a serious text. No editor would accept: "A woman's lifespan is influenced by their" [etc] because just imagine the confusion: "by their family's income" versus "by her income"....2 completely different meanings.

              – Lambie
              Mar 23 at 13:31











            • @senderle I read your comment to that effect. It was and is a good point. many usages we think are recent prove to be recent prove not to be so. However, the Oxford Dictionaries entry - public.oed.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-singular-they goes on to point out that 18C grammarians decided singular ‘they’ was ‘wrong’. They appear to have succeeded, at least for British English. They article makes clear that singular they was treated as the norm in schools, as it certainly was in the schools in the mid twentieth century. But I accept that rather than arising, it returned.

              – Tuffy
              Mar 23 at 16:51











            • @Lambie All I am seeking to do is to understand why singular ‘they’ does not arise in romance and other more inflected languages, but can in English.

              – Tuffy
              Mar 23 at 21:24











            • Not using singular they can be wrong in some cases. Do we say "Everybody makes mistakes, doesn't he" or "Everybody makes mistakes, don't they"?

              – Peter Shor
              Mar 24 at 3:23





















            • The narrative you offer here directly contradicts a mountain of historical evidence about past usage of "they," going back for centuries. Please read this to see what I mean.

              – senderle
              Mar 23 at 12:59











            • The Romance languages thing is completely irrelevant here.Shift in number is OK for "everyone" and "their", but not for "a woman" and "their" in a serious text. No editor would accept: "A woman's lifespan is influenced by their" [etc] because just imagine the confusion: "by their family's income" versus "by her income"....2 completely different meanings.

              – Lambie
              Mar 23 at 13:31











            • @senderle I read your comment to that effect. It was and is a good point. many usages we think are recent prove to be recent prove not to be so. However, the Oxford Dictionaries entry - public.oed.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-singular-they goes on to point out that 18C grammarians decided singular ‘they’ was ‘wrong’. They appear to have succeeded, at least for British English. They article makes clear that singular they was treated as the norm in schools, as it certainly was in the schools in the mid twentieth century. But I accept that rather than arising, it returned.

              – Tuffy
              Mar 23 at 16:51











            • @Lambie All I am seeking to do is to understand why singular ‘they’ does not arise in romance and other more inflected languages, but can in English.

              – Tuffy
              Mar 23 at 21:24











            • Not using singular they can be wrong in some cases. Do we say "Everybody makes mistakes, doesn't he" or "Everybody makes mistakes, don't they"?

              – Peter Shor
              Mar 24 at 3:23



















            The narrative you offer here directly contradicts a mountain of historical evidence about past usage of "they," going back for centuries. Please read this to see what I mean.

            – senderle
            Mar 23 at 12:59





            The narrative you offer here directly contradicts a mountain of historical evidence about past usage of "they," going back for centuries. Please read this to see what I mean.

            – senderle
            Mar 23 at 12:59













            The Romance languages thing is completely irrelevant here.Shift in number is OK for "everyone" and "their", but not for "a woman" and "their" in a serious text. No editor would accept: "A woman's lifespan is influenced by their" [etc] because just imagine the confusion: "by their family's income" versus "by her income"....2 completely different meanings.

            – Lambie
            Mar 23 at 13:31





            The Romance languages thing is completely irrelevant here.Shift in number is OK for "everyone" and "their", but not for "a woman" and "their" in a serious text. No editor would accept: "A woman's lifespan is influenced by their" [etc] because just imagine the confusion: "by their family's income" versus "by her income"....2 completely different meanings.

            – Lambie
            Mar 23 at 13:31













            @senderle I read your comment to that effect. It was and is a good point. many usages we think are recent prove to be recent prove not to be so. However, the Oxford Dictionaries entry - public.oed.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-singular-they goes on to point out that 18C grammarians decided singular ‘they’ was ‘wrong’. They appear to have succeeded, at least for British English. They article makes clear that singular they was treated as the norm in schools, as it certainly was in the schools in the mid twentieth century. But I accept that rather than arising, it returned.

            – Tuffy
            Mar 23 at 16:51





            @senderle I read your comment to that effect. It was and is a good point. many usages we think are recent prove to be recent prove not to be so. However, the Oxford Dictionaries entry - public.oed.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-singular-they goes on to point out that 18C grammarians decided singular ‘they’ was ‘wrong’. They appear to have succeeded, at least for British English. They article makes clear that singular they was treated as the norm in schools, as it certainly was in the schools in the mid twentieth century. But I accept that rather than arising, it returned.

            – Tuffy
            Mar 23 at 16:51













            @Lambie All I am seeking to do is to understand why singular ‘they’ does not arise in romance and other more inflected languages, but can in English.

            – Tuffy
            Mar 23 at 21:24





            @Lambie All I am seeking to do is to understand why singular ‘they’ does not arise in romance and other more inflected languages, but can in English.

            – Tuffy
            Mar 23 at 21:24













            Not using singular they can be wrong in some cases. Do we say "Everybody makes mistakes, doesn't he" or "Everybody makes mistakes, don't they"?

            – Peter Shor
            Mar 24 at 3:23







            Not using singular they can be wrong in some cases. Do we say "Everybody makes mistakes, doesn't he" or "Everybody makes mistakes, don't they"?

            – Peter Shor
            Mar 24 at 3:23





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