Taking a page from Araucaria, I'd suggest long-winded:

using too many words in speaking or writing
_{from m-w.com}

So you could say, for example:

I don't like such long-winded resumes.

He gave a really long-winded answer to what I meant as a simple question.

Pat's long-windedness can be really off-putting.

Using the word verbose may work for you, for example:

"For a 1 mark question, your answer was verbose."

As antonyms, you could use laconic or concise, e.g.

"Credit will be given for a concise description of the problem."

Adding to other good suggestions, when someone uses too many (unnecessary) words for a simple description, the adjective wordy could be used which means:

Using or expressed in rather too many words: 'a wordy and repetitive
account'

[Oxford Online Dictionary]

Example: Is your resume too wordy? and Ways to Tighten the Too-Wordy Resume

Some great answers here.

In engineering we would say that the resume had a low signal to noise ratio. It's a fairly derogatory term for something or someone that is unnecessarily verbose.

Such long-winded communication may be described as prolix. Here is the definition from the Merriam-Webster Dictionary:

Full Definition of prolix

1: unduly prolonged or drawn out : too long

2: marked by or using an excess of words

Examples of prolix in a sentence

The speech was unnecessarily prolix.

< a person known for habitually transforming brief anecdotes into prolix sagas that exhaust their listeners >

The noun form of this word is prolixity. You could say for example that you disapprove of prolixity in resumes.

What you are referring to seem to be superfluous details.

If you are looking for a noun, noise comes to mind:

irrelevant or meaningless data or output occurring along with desired information

(definition 2e from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/noise)

As an alternative to long-winded you might consider bloated. Which may help to suggest that extra content was unnecessary, not simply inefficiently presented (if that is your desire).

excessive in size or amount.

• "the company trimmed its bloated labor force"

Obfuscation refers to too many details or levels of abstraction that obscure the real meaning. Obfuscation is often done purposely. Eschew obfuscation.

tautology- saying same thing over and over again by using synonyms.
Similarly, superfluity, pleonasm, verbosity also convey the same.

Usage-

He uses a lot of words to show off his huge vocabulary realizing little that his tautology is irritating to others.

lengthy descriptions. long-drawn-out descriptions. If there are too many words, I think the word lengthy works fine. For me, prolix and verbose and long-winded would not be used here as those words are about communications not descriptions per se.

Typically, in English a short description contrasts with a lengthy or long description.

Discursive. It's an antonym for concise.

On alieniloquent

^{(not to mention alieniloquently, alieniloquence, alieniloquacious, alieniloque, alieniloquize, alieniloquy, alieniloquial, alieniloquially, alieniloquist, alieniloquism, alieniloquacious, alieniloquaciously, et alios)}

Per Oxford Dictionaries Online, an alieniloquy is

an instance of straying from the subject one is supposed to be talking about; rambling of evasive talk.

Aliens are “others”, of course, so this is talking about other things if you would. It derives from

post-classical Latin alieniloquium allegory from classical Latin aliēnus + ‑loquium, after Hellenistic Greek ἀλληγορία.

Since all nouns ending in -iloquy have corresponding derived adjectives ending in ‑iloquent, the world you’re looking for is therefore necessarily alieniloquent — pronounced /ˌeɪlɪəˈnɪləkwənt/.

If that’s not quite the right part of speech, a great number of derivative terms can be similarly derived in a perfectly regular fashion. Unless of course you prefer a term a tad less...grandiloquent? :-)